Integrasi Teori Manajemen Strategis dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) di Indonesia

Tukiran Tukiran; Yayan Hendayana

doi:10.37481/jko.v4i2.223

Authors

Tukiran Tukiran Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta
Yayan Hendayana Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37481/jko.v4i2.223

Keywords:

Strategic Management, Sme Performance, Indonesia, Literature Review, Competitive Strategy

Abstract

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in Indonesia’s economic development, yet many continue to face challenges related to competitiveness, sustainability, and strategic decision-making. This study examines how the integration of strategic management theory can enhance SME performance by providing structured frameworks for planning, resource allocation, and long-term competitiveness. The purpose of this research is to identify key strategic management concepts relevant to Indonesian SMEs and to analyze their potential impact on organizational performance. This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) method. The research process includes defining review questions, determining inclusion and exclusion criteria, selecting databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, screening and categorizing relevant articles published between 2017–2024, and synthesizing findings using thematic analysis. Data extraction focuses on strategic management models applied in SME contexts, while the analysis technique involves coding, comparison across studies, and theme development to identify consistent patterns related to performance improvement. The findings reveal that the integration of strategic management theory particularly strategic planning, resource-based views, and competitive strategy significantly improves SME performance by strengthening adaptability, innovation, and operational efficiency. The study highlights the need for SMEs in Indonesia to adopt structured strategic management practices to remain competitive in dynamic markets.

References

Ardiansyah, R. (2024). Penerapan prinsip manajemen strategis pada UKM pascapandemi: Analisis SWOT, pemetaan sumber daya, dan strategi diferensiasi. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan Indonesia, 18(1), 45–60.

Bandura, A. (2018). Toward a psychology of human agency: Pathways and reflections. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13(2), 130–136.

Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120.

Grant, R. M. (2019). Contemporary Strategy Analysis (10th ed.). Wiley.

Hakim, A. (2022). Integrasi teori manajemen dalam pengembangan UKM di Indonesia: Sebuah tinjauan kritis. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Nusantara, 12(3), 210–225.

Hendayana, A., El-Kafafi, S., & Prasetyo, B. (2024). Resource-based capabilities and SMEs performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Asian Journal of Business and Management, 12(3), 145–160.

Hidayat, R., Prasetyo, D., & Santoso, P. (2022). Strategic alliances and supply chain resilience of Indonesian SMEs. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 14(5), 987–1006.

Hillman, A. J., & Dalziel, T. (2018). Boards of directors and firm performance: Integrating resource dependence and agency perspectives. Academy of Management Annals, 12(1), 1–51.

Hillmann, J., & Guenther, E. (2021). Organizational resilience: A valuable construct for management research? International Journal of Management Reviews, 23(1), 7–44.

Kraus, S., Niemand, T., & Penco, L. (2020). The role of external resources in SME resilience: A network perspective. Journal of Business Research, 116, 219–230.

Lestari, S. (2019). Pengaruh perumusan dan implementasi strategi terhadap kinerja perusahaan kecil di Indonesia. Jurnal Strategi dan Bisnis, 7(2), 98–112.

Li, X., Wang, Y., & Liu, Y. (2021). External network and SME performance: The mediating role of dynamic capabilities. Journal of Small Business Management, 59(4), 635–655.

Mackey, A., & Barney, J. B. (2018). Resource-Based Theory: Creating and Sustaining Competitive Advantage. Oxford University Press.

Nurhayati, S., & Hasanah, N. (2023). Sustainable innovation practices and performance improvement among SMEs in Indonesia. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 10(3), 145–160.

OECD. (2019). OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Outlook 2019. OECD Publishing.

Prasetyo, B., & Haryanto, J. (2022). Building dynamic capabilities for innovation in Indonesian SMEs: The role of human capital and digital technology. Management Decision, 60(7), 1605–1624.

Prasetyo, B., & Wibowo, A. (2022). Developing adaptive capabilities in SMEs through social cognitive mechanisms. Management Science Letters, 12(5), 499–510.

Putra, F., & Wijaya, R. (2020). SMEs performance and strategic management: Evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Business and Society, 21(3), 1074–1090.

Putra, I. G. N., & Dewi, L. P. (2023). Perbedaan kebutuhan strategis antara UKM rintisan dan UKM mapan: Studi komparatif di Indonesia. Jurnal Riset Manajemen Terapan, 5(4), 301–317.

Rachmawati, D., & Nugroho, Y. (2020). Leadership role in fostering learning culture among Indonesian SMEs. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 32(6), 567–584.

Rahayu, R., & Day, J. (2020). Adoption of digital technologies by small and medium-sized enterprises and their impact on performance: A systematic literature review. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 27(1), 176–195.

Rahman, A., Wibowo, A., & Prasetyo, B. (2021). Integrative approaches to SME performance: Combining RBV, RDT, and DCT perspectives. Asian Journal of Business Research, 11(2), 45–62.

Santoso, R., Hidayat, T., & Putra, F. (2021). Social learning and self-efficacy in SMEs: Implications for innovation and performance. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(4), 703–721.

Sari, M., & Andriani, R. (2020). Fondasi strategis dan kesiapan adaptasi UKM terhadap dinamika lingkungan bisnis. Jurnal Administrasi dan Manajemen Usaha, 9(1), 15–29.

Tambunan, T. H. (2020). SMEs in Indonesia: Policies, Issues and Challenges. Lembaga Penelitian SMERU.

Teece, D. J., Peteraf, M., & Leih, S. (2016). Dynamic capabilities and organizational agility: Risk, uncertainty, and strategy in the innovation economy. California Management Review, 58(4), 13–35.

Utami, C. W., Santoso, P., & Hidayat, R. (2021). Digital transformation and SMEs performance in Indonesia: The mediating role of dynamic capabilities. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 28(6), 1012–1030.

Velte, P. (2021). ESG performance and financial performance: The moderating role of ESG controversies. Review of Managerial Science, 15, 1315–1344.

Wicaksono, B. (2021). Tingkat pemahaman pelaku UKM terhadap teori manajemen strategis dan dampaknya terhadap kinerja usaha. Jurnal Pengembangan UMKM, 4(2), 120–134.

Zahra, S. A., Sapienza, H. J., & Davidsson, P. (2019). Entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: A review, model, and research agenda. Journal of Management Studies, 56(7), 1314–1340.